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Islamic Principlism in Iran : ウィキペディア英語版
Islamic Principlism in Iran

The history of Islamic Principlism in Iran covers the history of Islamic revivalism and the rise of political Islam in modern Iran. Today, there are basically three types of Islam in Iran: traditionalism, modernism, and a variety of forms of revivalism usually brought together as fundamentalism.〔M. Hope and J. Young, (CrossCurrents:''ISLAM AND ECOLOGY'' ). Retrieved 28 January 2007.〕 Neo-fundamentalists in Iran are a subgroup of fundamentalists who have also borrowed from Western countercurrents of populism, fascism, anarchism, Jacobism and Marxism.〔Ali Asghar Seyyedabadi (2005) An interview with Abdulkarim Soroush: it was stated that: (Democracy, Justice, Fundamentalism and Religious Intellectualism )〕
The term Principlists, or ''Osoulgarayan'', is an umbrella term commonly used in Iranian politics to refer to a varieties of conservative circles and parties. The term contrasts with reformists or ''Eslaah-Talabaan'' who seek religious and constitutional reforms in Iran.
==Definition==
(詳細は)〕
There are some major differences between Christian fundamentalism and what is called Islamic fundamentalism. According to Bernard Lewis:〔Lewis, Bernard(1993)Islam in history:ideas, people and events in the Middle East:398〕

"In western usage these words (and Fundamentalism ) have a rather specific connotation; they suggest a certain type of religiosity- emotional indeed sentimental; not intellectual, perhaps even anti intellectual; and in general apolitical and even anti-political. Fundamentalists are against liberal theology and biblical criticism and in favor of a return to fundamentals-i.e. to the divine inerrant text of the scriptures. For the so call fundamentalists of Islam these are not and never have been the issues. Liberal theology have not hitherto made much headway in Islam, and the divinity and inerrancy of the Quran are still central dogmas of the faith ... Unlike their Christian namesakes, the Islamic fundamentalists do not set aside but on the contrary embrace much of the post-scriptural scholastic tradition of their faith, in both its theological and its legal aspects."

The Islamist version of political Islam ("neo-fundamentalism" in this article) emerged in response to the perceived shortcomings of fundamentalism. The Islamists, with their cosmopolitan backgrounds, introduced various tools they had borrowed from the West into their organizational arsenal. Ideologically, they drew on antimodernist philosophies that embodied Western dissatisfaction with the consequences of industrialization and positivism.〔http://arjournals.annualreviews.org/doi/pdf/10.1146/annurev.polisci.9.070204.083812〕
Iranian fundamentalists and conservatives, commonly describe themselves as "principalist" (also spelled ''principlist''); that is, acting politically based on Islamic and revolutionary principles.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Global Politician – Core members of Iran's council of Economic Governance )

抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア(Wikipedia)
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